Batteries
Chemistry, thermal design, degradation, and the next cell.
Stories

Sodium-ion batteries are closing in on LFP cost parity, and the last excuse is energy density
CATL expects sodium-ion to match LFP on cost by the end of 2026. The chemistry's remaining problem is density — and two 2025 research papers just attacked it from different angles.

ProLogium's solid-state cell passed the tests. Its factory makes 0.5 GWh a year
A 381 Wh/kg all-solid-state cell is now in commercial production in Taiwan, validated by TUV and UL Solutions. The output is roughly 6,000 car packs a year.

Donut Lab's 409 Wh/kg result is real. It still does not prove the chemistry
VTT measured exceptional energy density from one Donut Battery cell. The report validates the number, but not solid-state chemistry or production readiness.

500,000 battery tests say the pack is fine. The car next to it may not be
Aviloo's used-EV report puts the Ioniq 5 near 94% at 150,000 km and Teslas lower. The 12-point spread inside one model is the number a buyer actually needs.

Binder placement can make or break a fast-charging anode
A KAIST digital twin shows how binder distribution can hide local lithium-plating risk even when a graphite anode delivers similar headline capacity.

CATL's first sodium-ion sedan was held up by the factory, not the chemistry
CATL's Naxtra sodium-ion cell is going into the Changan Nevo A06 this year. The 45 kWh pack is a winter specialist, not a lithium killer, and CATL itself only plans 10,000 to 20,000 cars.

Why 2027 does not mean solid-state EVs are ready
Geely, CATL, BYD and several Chinese battery makers are aiming for solid-state trials around 2027. Their plans describe pilot lines and validation fleets, not mass-market cars.

EV battery packs are getting denser, but the repair bill is hiding in the glue
Structural battery integration can cut parts and add stiffness, yet fresh research and three very different teardowns show why pack density and repairability are pulling apart.
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